Hydroponic polyurethane foam offers a sustainable soil alternative for efficient plant growth and resource use. With high water absorption and reusability, it supports long-term cultivation despite challenges with non-renewable materials. Future research aims to enhance its environmental benefits and food security contributions.

Rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) are used in floral design for their high water absorption and open-cell structure. Floral foams, available as wet and dry types, facilitate flower arrangement and vary in density. The synthesis process enhances water retention and balances hydrophilicity, though some foams may have limited strength for certain applications.

Polyurethane foam cosmetic sponges, or egg sponges, are ideal for makeup application due to their softness, bounce, and latex-free composition. They are available in polyether and polyester types, with polyether-based sponges offering better flexibility and durability. Proper cleaning is essential to avoid bacterial growth.

The chemical compounds TDI (Toluene Diisocyanate) and MDI (Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate) are widely used as raw materials in the production of rigid and flexible polyurethane foams. In the automotive industry, polyurethane foam is utilized in a variety of applications, bringing significant improvements to vehicles, including enhanced comfort, sound and heat insulation, safety performance, sealing, and structural integrity.